Week 02: Computer-aided Design

What does Computer-Aided Design mean?

CAD (Computer-Aided Design) encompasses all programs that assist in constructing, designing, planning, and building products (from clothing to cars). First, we discussed the beginnings and evolution of CAD. CAD was first used in 1957, and we explored the different milestones up to the 2000s. CAD is utilized in several diverse industries such as architecture, engineering, and electronics.

We also explored the distinction between vectors and pixels. We learned that all the machines we will be working with in the next weeks operate with vectors. Working with vector files has many advantages, most notably, you don't lose quality. Vectors work with simple geometric shapes. Everything is constructed from these basic elements. Pixels consist of very small points (which we don't really see). There are different tools that can be used for both raster and vector graphics.

Raster Graphic Tools

  • GIMP (one of the biggest open-source softwares)
  • KRITA
  • Adobe Photoshop (the biggest Raster Editor)
  • PIXLR (webbased)
  • Photopea (like Photoshop from a few years ago)

Vector Graphic Tools

  • Inkscape (big Community)
  • Adobe Illustrator
  • CorelDRAW
  • Linearity Curve Design
  • Vectr
  • Freemium
  • DrawSVG
  • LibreCAD

Inkscape

I chose Inkscape for my 2D design. Upon opening a new file, I embarked on creating multiple sketches, allowing me to experiment with various tools and techniques.

Tinkercad

For 3D design we learned how to use several tools such as Fusion, Blender, Rhino, and TinkerCad. Since I had no prior experience with these tools, I opted to begin with Tinkercad. First, because it appeared to be the most user-friendly among the ones we were introduced to. Second, because my interest lies in using these tools with children. Tinkercad is also utilized by teachers and students. I started by watching a video tutorial.

To take my first steps, I decided to construct a box that could be similar to my final project. First, I built a box with 8 sides. After that, I created a top. In order to accommodate the electronics for my final project inside, I hollowed out the box and also constructed a bottom. This way, the top can be attached to the bottom.

Fusion 360

After my first experience in Tinkercad, I decided to recreate a similar design in Fusion 360. Although I found Fusion intriguing, the initial steps proved challenging. I opted to start by watching a video tutorial, but it was difficult to find a suitable one. Finally, I found a German tutorial that was very helpful.

Initially, I constructed a polygonal box. I utilized this box to create a second sketch, aiming to form another polygon with a tapered top. Similar to Tinkercad, I aimed to design a bottom piece to allow for opening the box. Subsequently, I decided to cut the box for having a bottom. After that I could hollow out the top. FinalIy I constructed the bottom to facilitate easy closure. As last I changed the colors in blue and yellow.